Ever had a friend die? Ever had a parent, grandparent, brother, sister, cousin, etc. die? Death is inevitable, but that doesn’t mean we can just acknowledge it as an “Oh, Well! They are dead. Let’s move on!” Nope! It does not work that way. It’s a PROCESS!!!! Sometimes a long process when you are learning to live without the one you love.
When we experience significant loss, we grieve. Grief is a tremendously overwhelming series of emotions that touches everyone. Kubler-Ross introduced the five stages the concept of the five stages of grief which has now morphed to seven. Which is what I recommend. For me, it is a widely accepted model and more inclusive and accurate to what people experience.
WHAT DOES GRIEF FEEL LIKE?
Grief SUCKS! The onset of grief brings with it a host of complex feelings, behavioral changes, and physical symptoms. These symptoms may be new to you and it is important for you to understand your connection to grief. There’s a lot of uncertainty with these symptoms in conjunction with a major loss can make you feel disconnected, disoriented, confused, and off balance.
Symptoms may include, but not limited to:
- Physical Changes: Lack of energy, loss of appetite, headaches, body tension, digestive issues.
- Behavioral Changes: Increased frustration, angry episodes, outbursts, increased isolation, inability to sleep, or sleeping too much, inability to concentrate.
- Emotional Changes: Feelings of hopelessness, emotional meltdowns, helplessness, sadness, numbness, fear, guilt, anger, and anxiety.
SEVEN (7) STAGES of GRIEF:
There are seven (7) stages of grief (see images). These seven are not necessarily in order and may occur may than once. Grief is a process. EMBRACE each stage and acknowledge the stage you are in. Grief is not linear, standard process, and it can vary from person to person, but this model will help gauge and help you to navigate your grief.
SHOCK & DENIAL:
Shock is the initial phase when learning about the death of a loved one or significant loss. Shock acts as the brain’s self-defense system, and many times can cause someone to deny what has happened. It occurs when you try to process a loss that seems unimaginable and unacceptable.
Denial is a defense mechanism to help cope with a difficult loss. Denial gives you time to understand what has happened and slowly adjust to the new present. The new normal.
FEELINGs that may accompany the shock and denial stage include, but are not limited to:
- Depression
- Hopelessness
- Confusion
- Loneliness
- Anger
SHOCK & DENIAL Examples may include, but are not limited to:
- “Why did this happen?”
- “She’s dead?” “What will I do?”
- “If only I could talk/text to them one more time!”
- “She will wake up tomorrow, realize this is the biggest mistake she has ever made, and come running back for forgiveness.
- “I dedicated my life to working for the company, and they let me go without warning!”
- “My mom/dad/friend was there for me my whole life. How can I go on without them?”
DENIAl is one of the most challenging stages, as you may isolate yourself during this stage. Reminders about self-care are needed. One’s identity may have been linked to the person or job loss and must now redefine how they perceive themselves. Suppose your inability to function daily tasks, make decisions, and break isolation remains persistent. In that case, these may indicators that you are stuck in this stage.
PAIN and GUILT
The realization that a loved one is dead or gone or significant loss can leave an emptiness in your life, causing pain and yearning. You may feel relieved that a love one is not suffering but guilty for thinking that. Some may believe they could have done more to help. Protected them. People often regret that the outcome was not what they hoped for, with unrealistic expectations about what they can do to stop a loss or death.
FEELINGS that accompany the PAIN & GUILT stage of grief include, but are not limited to:
- Blame
- Sadness
- Guilt
- Regret
PAIN & GUILT examples include, but are not limited to:
- “If only I had done more to convince my husband to go to the doctor.”
- “If only I had taken the phone from her.”
- “If only we had not been joking around while riding.”
- “Dad needed me to be there for him. I couldn’t because of work. That is something I will always regret.”
- “Why did I argue with my dad/mom/friend? I should have called and apologized.”
- “How could I have known she was this depressed and let this happen?”
The challenge of this stage is that you can ruminate about perceived mistakes too long.This negative self-talk can exacerbate feelings of guilt and increase emotional pain. If these thoughts persists, this grief stage will last longer.
ANGET & BARGAINING
Grief experts studied the length of time for stages of grief in this stage, concluding that the need for anger management increases between one and five months post-loss, then the need decreases after that.
Sources of the ANGER stage could include:
- Anger at the extent of the pain
- Anger that life has changed
- Anger at being abandoned
- Anger that managing grief feels difficult
- Anger that the world suddenly feels different, empty, unsafe, or lonely
Anger can be a complex emotion and is a normal reaction. to grief with no specific timeline associated with its stage. People can get stuck in an angry phase of grief if they don’t understand how to deal with these feelings. When anger continues or intensifies into repeated rageful episodes or an intermittent explosive disorder towards people not associated with. theloss, this signals that you need additioanl mental health to support to cope.
The Bargaining Stage involves trying to regain a false sense of control after feeling helplessness and displaced anger. Regina Josell, PdD, says, “We engage in a type of mental gymnastics. to try to undo something that we can’t undo.” This stage provides a grieving person with time to emotionally come to terms.
Sad, but true, people on the bargaining side of this stage often don’t find an acceptable resolution. Eventually, they recognize that the outcome they hope for will not occur. Trying to bargain with a higher order, another person, or. a system is a means of diminishing anger and moving closer to acceptance. This stage generally does not last as long as others because it eventually becomes clear that what you hope for won’t happen.
DEPRESSION
Depression stems from internalized or repressed anger in this stage. it occurs when time has passed for ramifications of a significant loss become clear. This stage can manifest as reduced concentration, inability to sleep, and sleeping too much. You may have physical symptoms like headaches and body aches ot digestive issues as well.
FEELINGS that occur during the deporession stage include,
- Loneliness
- Sadness
- Depression
- Emptimness
- Anhedonia (the inability to feel joy from anything)
- Self-Pity
DEPRESSION Examples include, but are not limited to:
- “How do I go on without my friend/mom/dad, etc.”
- “She won’t be in class. lunch. games. work. What will I do?”
- “My job meant everything to me. It was who I am.”
- “Since my divorce, I have lost all my friends. I don’t want to be around people. I feel so alone.”
Psychologist looking at the relationship between grief and depression describe the danger of being stuck there and the difference between normal grief and clinical depression. People who have limited supports or isolate themselves during time of grief may have a greater risk of developing major depressive disorder.
If there is a predisposition to depression, there is a greater risk for depression lasting longer in this stage. Don’t be afraid to ask for help. It’s okay to get help. This stage may and can be be the longest of grief. If you find that you feel depressed almost all of the time. and your symptoms don’t fluctuate, reach out to a counselor, teacher, preacher, or mental health professional.
THE UPWARD TURN
Examples of the UPWARD TURN stage of grief are as follows:
- “I can’t believe I smiled and laghed today. I can’t remmember the last time that happened.”
- You will wake up one morning, the sun will be shining, and you will say, “Everything will be okay.!”
- “I do have a pretty good resume. Maybe it’s time to start looking for a new job.”
- “It has been several months since my daughter/son/dad/mom/friend, etc. died. I need to starty thinking about ways of honoring their memory.”
GrIEf expert Daby Faubion, RN, describes that in this phase, “although loss is felt still, it is not as difficult to manage the symptoms. Individuals tend to feel more hopeful about life and begin to find some measure of peace related to the loss.” This stage is not as difficult as it offers relief and a snese of hop that a grieving person can build a new life after an enormous loss.
RECONSTRUCTION & WORKING THROUGH
In this grief stage, people fee loss overwhelmed by emotions created by a major loss. They have more energy and a new desire to begin to move forward by finding meaning and growth after a traumatic event with concrete actions to regain control. Here people start to manage their lives and may fell like reconnecting with loved ones and friends once again.
FEELINGS that occur during the RECONSTRUCTION & WORKING THROUGH stage of grief may include:
- Energized
- Optimistic
- More at Peace
- Hopeful
- More Confidence
RECONSTRUCTION examples of grief include:
- “I don’t know how much time I have left, but I am determined to make the most of it as best I can.”
- “I know my partner wanted me to date again after he died. Maybe it is time to get out.”
- “I’m tired of fighting with myu wifeabout the terms of our divorce. Iwant it to be over so I can move on with my life.”
- “I am going figure out a way to honor her life.”
Moving forward in this stage involves asking, “What actions do I need to take to build a new life for myself?” It’s time to redefine what everyday life will look like for you. People often resume self-care activities like exercise, which can bring more energy, optimism regarding the future, and a desire to find some measure of success.
ACCEPTANCE & HOPE
Acceptance and Hope is the last stage in the grieving process. It comes with a sense of optimism from a realistic life assessment with a deep understanding of your loss’s impact. You permit yourself to plan for a future, knowing you will not forget what has happened. You have learned ways to care for yourself and cope and how to set new self-expectations as you being to move ahead. There is still pain and sadness attached to your loss. However, you recognize that you are entitled to create a different life offering yourself a measure of contentment.
Feelings that accompany the ACCEPTANCE and HOPE stage of grief are:
- Releif
- Optimism
- Reflection
- Acceptance
- Hope
ACCEPTANCE STAGE examples include, but are not limited to:
- “It feels scary to go out. I will miss my______, but I know I’m ready and I will find a way to celebrate them.
- “I have revised my resume and will aim to apply for three jobs in the next month.”
- “I will miss my son everyday. I think he would love that I have started the scholarship fund in his name to help other kids get to college.”
People in this phase have not fully healed from their loss but understand they have renewed strength and determinations to move on. They allow themselves to reflect on past cherished memories associates with the loss. There may be feelings of sadness that arise at holidays or birthdays or during special events. However, they don’t cause the level of despair previously experienced.
While I have shared the stages of grief, remember grief stages are a process. There is no time limit. Embrace each stage. Acknowledge each emotion as it surface.
REMEMBER, you have a friend in me. Just call..
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